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315,412 · Hyatt · "Illuminating Tiling and Grating for Covering Vaults, Roofs, &c." · Page 4 Home  > Prism Glass  > Patent Index  > Page 4

315,412: 4 of 9

respects the same as Fig. 3, with the exception of being made with no dead-work border on its matching or junction side, which in this case is on its lower side, the grating being designed to form the end plate of a combination-tile. Fig. 9a represents Fig. 9 with the top dead-work border removed, thus producing two junction sides, this grating being designed to form a middle plate in a combination-tile.     Fig. 10 illustrates the construction effect produced by the employment of my improved fractional gratings, an additional grating, (No. 4, Fig. 10,) containing six glasses, being obtained, as may be seen by comparing the four gratings contained in panel-spaces b' b², Fig. 10, with the three tiles of ordinary make contained in panel-space b', Fig. 5. It will also be seen that the combination-tile closures of panel-spaces b' b², Fig. 10, contain each, the same number of glasses as is contained in the one-casting panel-tile that forms the closure to b², Fig. 5.     The kind of fractional gratings shown in Figs. 9, 9a, and 10, wherein the light-holes are arranged in straight parallel lines crossing each other at right angles, or in squares, are of comparatively easy formation as to junction sides; but more than eighty per cent, of all the illuminating-grating constructions in use are made of tiles wherein the light-holes are grouped in clusters of oblique-angled tri-angles, or on the honey-comb principle, which kind of tile is much more difficult to divide into fractional sections or parts, and at the same time form good junction sides that will not be embarrassed by the light-holes border- ing the junction edges, and that likewise may be easily and readily fitted together.     Figs. 6, 7, and 8 represent the same tiles and constructions shown by Figs. 3, 4, and 5, with the difference only as to the shape and arrangement of the light-holes. As ordinarily made the light-holes in such tiles as are represented by Figs. 6 and 7 run lengthwise with the tile in parallel lines, the holes of one row breaking joint with those of the adjoining rows to right and left. In construction results the effect is the same as I have pointed out, whether tiles made on the honey-comb plan of light-holes or the others are employed; but inasmuch as the popular tiles and constructions in use are made with light-holes arranged on the honey-comb method, it is of great consequence to the success of the fractional gratings system of construction and manufacture to be able to make easily-joinable fractions with light-holes similar to those of the popular one-casting panel-tiles in common use, and this is accomplished with different degrees of advantage by the forms of the fractional gratings shown iii Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14.     Figs. 11 and 12 are practical1y cross-sections of an illuminating-tile made according to the common mode of manufacture, wherein the light-holes run lengthwise with the tile, as illustrated by Fig. 7. Fig. 12 represents a     Fig. 1, an opening to be covered by

fractional grating as though it were a section of Fig. 7 made by cutting through the light-holes. Fig. 11 represents a section of Fig. 7 made by cutting around the light-holes.     Fig. 13 represents a fractional grating with the light-holes so disposed therein as to run crosswise to the tile on the fractions being joined together, and with the junction edge or dividing line running straight across parallel with and outside of the outer line of holes.     It may now be noted by reference to Fig. 14 that when the fractional sections are made with the light-holes running in longitudinal lines the lines of division or junction lines must cut either through or around the holes, and hence form edges which are more difficult to fit together, or require some of the glasses to be inserted when the tiles are laid. Thus the objection to the form shown in Fig. 12, where the junction line bisects the light-holes, (shown more definitely by the combination-tile closure of panel-space b', Fig. 14,) is that one line of glass has to be set in at each junction line when the fractional tiles are laid in place, and the objection to the form shown in Fig. 11, where the junction edge is deeply scalloped, is that such edges are not easily and readily cemented together. It will be seen, however, that in Fig. 13, where the lines of light-holes run crosswise parallel to the lines of fractional division, the junction edges can run in a straight line across the tile and outside the outer line of holes, which, as seen in Fig. 14, produces a form of fractional grating which is much more perfect and simple than the others and is more easily fitted together.     Now, the gratings for my improved combination panel-tiles may be made, as usual, of cast-iron, having its perforations fitted with glasses secured therein in the usual way, and with the top surface of the casting either left smooth or studded with knobs around the glasses in the ordinary way; or, the gratings may be made of any other suitable material and with any desired formation of the upper surface. I greatly prefer, however, to make my fractional tiling with an underlying grating or base of cast-iron and an overlying facing of concrete or hydraulic cement or material, which, if desired, may fasten the glasses to the grating, and also at the same time form the walking or non-condensing surface of the combination-tile, as shown in Figs. 11 to 14, but seen best in Figs. 15, 16, 17, and 18, where d indicates the iron or other base, e the light-holes, and f the concrete facing. This method of construction is specially adapted for my fractional tiling, and has great advantages therefor, especially in the laying and fastening of the fractions in their panels by the cementing method which I employ. Thus, by referring to Figs. 11 to 18 it will be seen that when the fractional gratings are made as described, not only will they be without dead-work borders on their junction sides, but will also have a raw or unfinished edge of hydraulic