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315,412 · Hyatt · "Illuminating Tiling and Grating for Covering Vaults, Roofs, &c." · Page 2 Home  > Prism Glass  > Patent Index  > Page 2

315,412: 2 of 9

margin on all sides; and Fig. 4 represents a similar tile of larger size or a one-casting panel-tile as heretofore and commonly made to be used singly in panel-spaces. The light-holes in these tiles are square and arranged in squares, as shown in the figures. Fig. 5 represents part of a structural frame-work filled with tiles like those in Figs. 3 and 4. Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate tiles like those in Figs. 3 and 4, but with light-holes arranged on the honey-comb principle and in lines lengthwise of the panel-tile; and Fig. 8 is a plan of part of a structural frame-work filled with tiles of the last-named kind. Figs. 9 to 18 illustrate my present improvement. Fig. 9 is a plan of an end, and Fig. 9a of a middle, fractional tile or grating formed with square light-holes arranged in squares and made without dead-work borders on their junction sides or edges. Fig. 10 shows a portion of a paneled space or frame-work covered by combination-tiles made of fractional gratings like 9 and 9a. Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate two forms of my improved fractional gratings made with light-holes on the honey-comb plan running in longitudinal lines, but having different forms of junction edges. Fig. 13 shows a fractional grating made with light-holes on the honey-comb plan, but running in transverse lines parallel with the junction sides of the fractions. Fig. 14 shows a plan of a panneled space or frame-work fitted with combination-tiles made of the three aforesaid kinds of fractional gratings. Figs. 15, 16, 17, and 18 illustrate that part of my invention which relates to joining fractional gratings to each other and the whole to the structural frame-work without bolting or mechanical fastening. Fig. 15 represents combination-tiles combined with the structural frame-work without mechanical fastening. Panel-space b' shows the fractional gratings in place before the cement is put into the joint and construction seams, and panel-space b² shows the same when fixed by the cement. Fig. 16 represents a section on line x x of Fig. 15, showing the sides of the fractional gratings in elevation; Fig. 17 represents a section on line y y of Fig. 15, showing the ends of the fractional gratings in elevation, and Fig. 18 is an elevation showing the junction side of a fractional grating made as shown in Figs. 11 and 12.     Before proceeding to the general description I desire to define the special terms which I shall employ therein; and,     First, "combination-tile" means a tile composed of fractions or parts put together with the effect of resembling the tiles in common use made in a single casting.     Second, "fractional gratings~ mean gratings made naked-- that is to say, without dead-work borders on their junction sides.     Third, "joint-seams" mean seams between fractional gratings where the junction sides thereof come together in forming combination-tiles.     Fourth, "construction-seams" mean seams between tiles and tile-supports in forming roofs or surfaces of illuminating-gratings.

Fifth, "construction-surfaces" mean roofs, floors, pavements, and surfaces made of illuminating-gratings.     Sixth, "illuminating-tile" means a one-casting tile or continuous light-field grating made and shaped for construction purposes in contradistinction to "vault-covers" or gratings made for closing coal-holes.     Seventh, "light-field" means the open-work or grating portion of an illuminating tile or grating.     Eighth, "deadwork border" means the blank portion of a tile that surrounds the light-field.     Ninth, "panel-tile" means (when employed in connection with roof, floor, and pavement construction) the illuminating portion or section of a construction surface contained between any two of its rafters or tile-supports.     Tenth, "one-casting panel-tile" means the section of a construction surface contained between any two of its rafters or tile-supports when such section is made of but one tile or light-field.     Eleventh, "sectional or panel spaces" mean the spaces or sections into which an opening is divided by rafters or tile-supports preparatory to being covered by tiles.     Twelfth, "material" means a substance equivalent to hydraulic cement for producing like construction results.     Thirteenth, "concreted grating" means a perforated plate or grating overlaid or faced with hydraulic cement, concrete, or material.     To understand what my improvements mean and their importance, it is necessary to understand what is meant by the "one-casting" panel-tile system, which I will now proceed to explain, and illustrate by the drawings.     Figs. 1 to 8 illustrate the system of patent-light construction now in general use, and which was invented by me, and introduced into public use thirty-five years ago, since which time it has remained in substantially the same condition. Fig. 1 represents an opening that requires to be covered over by illuminating-tiles. This opening may be regarded as at the rear of a building or at the front. A A, the face-line of the building; B, the opening; C, the coping around the opening.     Fig. 2 represents the opening when subdivided by cross-bars or rafters into sectional or panel spaces; a a, the rafters or cross-bars; b b, sectional or panel spaces.     Fig. 3 represents a small illuminating-tile wherein the light-holes are square, and arranged in straight lines that cross each other at right angles; D, the light-field of the tile; c c, dead-work borders of the tile.     Fig. 4 represents a large or one-casting panel-tile made with square light-holes.     Fig. 5 represents a portion of an opening covered by tiles similar to Figs. 3 and 4. Sectional space b' illustrates the effect of